As the residents of Darling Downs and South West continue to enjoy the region’s vibrant livestock and wildlife, health authorities are issuing a crucial reminder about the potential risks associated with Q fever, a bacterial infection that can be carried by both domestic and wild animals.
Q fever is caused by the bacteria Coxiella burnetii, commonly found in animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, and kangaroos. The bacteria can also be present in the environment, carried through dust and soil. The infection is typically transmitted by inhaling droplets or dust contaminated with birth fluids, feces, manure, or urine from infected animals.
Dr Priya Janagaraj, Public Health Physician at Darling Downs Health, highlighted the diverse nature of Q fever symptoms, ranging from no symptoms to fever, headache, weight loss, nausea, cough, chills, fatigue, and the potential development of chronic fatigue.
“People exposed to animals, animal products, and animal waste are at higher risk of contracting Q fever. We strongly recommend vaccination, especially for those in high-risk industries such as abattoir and meat workers, farmers, veterinarians, animal hunters, wildlife workers, and dog and cat breeders,“ Dr Janagaraj said.
Pregnant women, in particular, face significant risks, including low birth weight, stillbirth, and miscarriage.
Dr Janagaraj stated the importance for pregnant women to avoid contact with animals giving birth or that have recently given birth.
To minimise the risk of Q fever infection during pregnancy, health authorities provide the following recommendations:
-Avoid assisting ewes, cows, or nanny goats during the birthing process.
-Steer clear of contact with newborn animals, afterbirth, birthing fluids, or materials contaminated by such birth products.
-Refrain from handling materials that may have come into contact with animals, their young, or afterbirths.
-Avoid handling fresh or aged feces or manure that may create dust or particles.
-Ensure partners or contacts who have attended birthing animals take appropriate health and hygiene precautions.
Pregnant women experiencing fever or flu-like symptoms, or those concerned about potential infection from a farm environment, should seek medical advice promptly.
Q fever symptoms typically manifest 2–3 weeks after exposure, but this period can vary from 4 days to 6 weeks.
In 2023, the region reported 86 notifications of Q fever, indicating an alarming 80 percent increase compared to the previous year. With the area’s substantial agricultural industry, health authorities stress the importance of proactive measures and encourage residents to contact their local GP if they have concerns or experience symptoms related to Q fever.
